She was an object of both pity and fascination, and to get away from it all, she moved from their house on the Kent-Surrey border to Switzerland, with her mother. John Philby, who has died aged 65, was the eldest son of the Russian spy Kim Philby, unmasked in 1963 as a double agent and the notorious Third Man in the Cambridge spy ring of the 1930s. When you look at the way Edith is referred to in the [security services] files as that foreign woman, I wonder whether theres a sense of embarrassment too. Halfway there, they switched cars and drove to a small airport in the Soviet zone of Austria. Perhaps. It was a miracle. When Bennett was pulled up on the matter, he wrote my father a note explaining that he stood by what hed said as the information had come from a reliable source a BBC journalist. Just beyond the crossroads which dominates Pushkin Square the spot where its said dissidents would meet, acknowledging each other by removing their hats is the former site of the Hotel Minsk (like much of the city, now under a lengthy reconstruction process), where Kim first met the journalist Murray Sayle in 1967. The whole plan is being masterminded by Kim Philby in Moscow. There are so many ways that Kims choices have continued to occupy my mind since my dad died in 2009, but I do feel that this book draws a line under it. He became more optimistic once the family was deemed fully rehabilitated and they moved to Moscow in 1955. Personal life. Lese Part of the Family gratis von Charlotte Philby Verfgbar als Hrbuch Jetzt 14 Tage gratis testen. As I walk towards it, the title of the Anthony Trollope novel jumps out at me: He Knew He Was Right. It was, in fact, those journeys to Kims flat which form some of my strongest early memories: flying down the third lane of the motorway in an unmarked car. Youve written three previous novels about espionage and betrayal did you need to approach that world obliquely before tackling Kims story?I was adamant that I didnt want to write about Kim because ironically I didnt want to define myself through his life. 1942Marries Aileen Furse, with whom he has two daughters and three sons. "If he continued drinking, he got inebriated quickly and changed in front of your eyes," she said. His father had a distinguished past as an explorer and fixer for the region's movers and shakers, and any intelligence Kim could pick up through his father's outstanding contacts would be useful to the bosses in . Banner-waving XR zealots let off smoke flares, pour black paint outside Home Office British tennis fans are kicked out for chanting 'You're just a s*** Andy Murray' during Cameron Norrie's Farmer, 71, who appeared on BBC documentary This Farming Life is killed by one of his own cows. He travelled extensively, while also making his way up the ranks of the British intelligence services by 1944, Kim was appointed head of a newly formed anti-Soviet section, and was later sent to Washington where, as the top Secret Intelligence Service representative, he worked for several years in liaison with the CIA and FBI. But it wasnt true. He did all he could do for a cause he believed in: what was there to regret? In contrast to Blake, Philby and Burgess and to a less extent Maclean suffered from nostalgia for Britain. Eleanor found Melinda amusing but nervous and highly strung and yearning for the luxuries of Western capitalism. The little blue pill really is magic! But even then, having made calculated decisions based on deeply-felt political ideals, I still dont think he would have done things any differently. In Philbys own eyes he was working for the shape of things to come from which his country would benefit., Kim went to great efforts upon his return to England to cover the traces of his Communist background joining the Anglo-German fellowship in 1934, and editing its pro-Hitler magazine. Grandpas flat is almost exactly as he left it: After Kim left, I didnt want to change anything, Rufa says. She sensed that the Macleans marriage was a difficult one again, with Donald on occasion still getting hopelessly drunk. Kim was won over by the Communist cause while a student at Cambridge University, and upon graduation in 1933, travelled to Vienna to serve the international Communist organisation Comintern which was illegal in Austria with 100 in his pocket given to him by his father, St John, who was also a Cambridge graduate. Philby exposed. His wife Eleanor joined him in Moscow, and the Philbys and the Macleans spent a lot of time together, going to the ballet or just having dinner and playing bridge. I feel as if I have been through some form of therapy, Ive purged these questions in a way. Macmillan was, of course, Prime Minister by 1962, when the Soviet double agent George Blake was caught, and Kim could no longer hide the truth. In her article, published yesterday in British daily The Independent, she describes Kim Philby as "a proud man, and one who chose to publicly stand by his actions". No doubt your grandfather would have disapproved of the sharp contrasts in present-day Russia, he said. Whatever you believe, Kim felt history would prove him right: Ill be remembered as a good man, he told my mum just two years before his death. Im reminded of a brief phone conversation I had earlier this morning with one of Kims old KGB comrades, whom Id been in contact with during the course of my research for this article, who told me that a gang of five or six of Kims former colleagues still meet up every month and raise a toast in his honour. She liked it that he was a man with strong beliefs, and agreed to stand by him. Journalists look after their own and Philby masqueraded as a devil-may-care drunken newspaperman and so was treated more indulgently by those in his profession.. He believed in freedom of speech and thought that Stalinism and all that were temporary and obviously, the outcome proved otherwise. Then they boarded what was described as a small military-type aircraft which flew them to Moscow to be reunited with Donald. Philby spied on his poor wife Aileen, the mother of his children His passage up to the highest levels of MI6 was so swift and easy that from time to time his Soviet controllers worried he must. I remember Kims words: I have followed exactly the same line the whole of my adult life. Foreign Secretary Harold Macmillan states in Parliament that there is no evidence of Philby having betrayed the interests of Britain. Burgess predeceased him by 20 years, carried off by angina, an abused liver and hardening of the arteries. ", His habit was fuelled by his sorrow over what he saw around him, she added. Maclean and Burgess escape to Russia. My second novel is The Times' Book of the Month for July 2020, Chapman Pincher: The Spy-Catcher of Fleet Street, Edith Tudor-Hart: The grandmother of the Cambridge Spies, John le Carr: The writer who made me want to write, ELLE: An unexpected friendship with the other woman. Where do you write?I wrote Edith and Kim all over the place because weve been in the process of moving house for the past couple of years, but now I have a shed at the bottom of our garden where I can feel Im in the middle of nowhere, and Im never leaving! But more generally womens roles in espionage have been sidelined, and I wonder if thats because a lot of this history has been recorded by men. It seemed a fitting finale for such a notable spy. Rather than angrily confront Philby, the American stated he would ask with considerable satisfaction, "How do . Yesterday, in our serialisation of an electrifying biography based on newly released papers, we heard how he fled to Moscow just as he was about to be arrested leaving behind his supposedly innocent wife. She is also the granddaughter of, MI5missed early chance to expose Soviet agent Kim Philby, files reveal, Love and Deception: Philby in Beirut by James Hanning review the spy who loved, maybe, ASplinter of Ice review Graham Greene and Kim Philby clink glasses, Graham Greenes showdown with Soviet spy Kim Philby: A Splinter of Ice review, KimPhilby: new revelations about spy emerge in secret files, George Blake exemplified the desolation, waste and treachery of the cold war, Moscow names square after British double agent Kim Philby, Athriller of spies and betrayal: by Kim Philbys granddaughter. If we were really lucky, sometimes and this was still the 1980s thered be a distant ringing, and from a compartment near the gear stick, our escort would pull out a telephone attached to a spiral cord, which hed talk into in a low voice, repeating the same two words, horosho and da, again and again before hanging up. He always knew what he was risking his family, his friends, his reputation and he made his choices accordingly. How? In his diary for the London Review of Books, Bennett wrote: Philby does seem to have been responsible for the betrayal and presumed torture and death of a network of agents in a way thats never been proved of Blunt. 1946Moves to Turkey, working as head of SIS there. And perhaps he felt that he certainly resented having to be escorted pretty much wherever he went for his first years in Moscow, as Rufa attests. There have been endless attempts to understand how this gregarious, public-school educated English chap and his fellow Cambridge spies could have been persuaded to betray their country, and dupe their family and their friends. Joins Cambridge University Socialist Society. She flew to New York to see her daughter Annie, and it was there that several letters arrived from Philby. As well as being my grandfather whom I remember from childhood trips to Russia as a funny old man with a beaming smile, who dressed almost exclusively in white vests and braces Kim Philby, to this day, remains one of the most significant double agents in modern history. The boys told a child they met on a beach that the photos he had taken could not be forwarded to them as we are going away and we dont know where we are going. Men with erectile dysfunction who take Viagra are 25% less likely to Money saving guru Martin Lewis reveals easy FIRST step to clearing thousands of pounds in debt. You should have seen his face.". Life in Moscow. "Kim said to me, 'I came here totally fully of information, I wanted to give everything I had but no one was interested," explained Pukhova. Bungling helicopter pilot blows over stadium roof injuring eight, BBC Breakfast celebrates forty years of hilarious bloopers, Ken Bruce will be joining the Greatest Hits Radio family in April, As it happened: UK Government blocks Scotland's new gender law, Royal Family will find it 'impossible' to compromise with Sussexes, Extinction Rebellion douse the Home Office building in black paint, Harrowing moment woman begs father not to kill himself, Motorists slowly drive down snowy hill in treacherous conditions, Shamima Begum never considered turning back during journey to ISIS, Kamala opts out of kneeling with Biden for Warriors photo op. His eldest son was my father, John who was himself a 19-year-old art student in 1963 when he first learnt of Kims espionage; stepping off a ferry on the Isle of Wight, he was met by a billboard stating that Kim was a wanted man. By JOSEPH FITSANAKIS | intelNews.org | [1] Philby began his work for the Soviet Union as a spy in 1934. (4 children) Litzi Friedmann (24 February 1934 - 1946) (divorced . Philby's less attractive personal qualities were matched by a charm to which many of his MI6 colleagues succumbed. This is not the first time Charlotte Philby has written in defense of her grandfathers actions. The last time I arrived at this flat, aged six, it was just a few days after Kims death, and my parents and I were met by a sea of swollen eyes. Because hed told her from the very start. He worked as a journalist until 1940, when Guy . It's Mr (coffee) Bean! While I was researching this article, Bennett also the author of An Englishman Abroad, in which he imagines Guy Burgesss final years in Moscow: lonely, pathetic and wholly unfulfilled responded to a shorter opinion piece I wrote for this paper last July in which I defended my grandfathers decision not to apologise publicly for his actions. Donald is well and happy to be with his family again. Kim Philby drank while Guy Burgess, who was gay, missed his friends in London, including Anthony Blunt whose spying activities, though known to the government, were kept under wraps until they were exposed much later, in 1979. On the eve of his 99th birthday, I spent, At Kim's flat with his partner, Rufina. . Published: 00:50 GMT, 17 April 2018 | Updated: 14:46 GMT, 17 April 2018, For 15 years, British diplomat Donald Maclean was passing state secrets to his KGB masters. But, after a silence of nearly five years, here was the first actual sighting and confirmation that the runaways were alive. In those days, correspondence had to be sent to a PO Box; and in his reply, Kim would sign off under a special code name, Panina (a combination of Pa and Nina, the alias used for Kims wife). Mid-morning, wrapped against the cold in Kims old bear hat and a matching coat (its too cold here for animal rights), I set off from my hotel with a map and enough money for the metro and taxi Ill need to take me from the station to the cemetery off the Mozhaisk highway. Writing Edith and Kim alongside home schooling and everything else has been a big thing and I feel now is a good time to pause and reflect. Kim Philby In Moscow: Not What He Wished For. The kitchen where he would ritualistically make his daily breakfast of bacon, eggs and toast (another English habit he never broke), and spent hours cooking every evening, is now rich with the smell of the savoury pancakes Rufa is preparing for our five-hour feast. Philby was a 19-year-old art student when his father was exposed in 1963 as a traitor. There, a tall man in a blue suit and red bow-tie held out his hand and said: I am Donald Maclean. With him in the room was Guy Burgess. Ive recorded a podcast with the BBC that will be announced later this year, and my husband and I have bought an old pub that we want to turn into a creative space to make available to charities and people who wouldnt otherwise have access to that, so thats an ongoing project. Takes charge of British intelligence in Spain and Portugal. They're at it again! 1965Awarded the Order of the Red Banner, one of the Soviet Unions highest military honours. When her brother-in-law, Alan Maclean, asked her whether she would join Donald if she knew for sure that he was behind the Iron Curtain, she gave a firm No. Rufina Pukhova, his Russian-Polish wife, said Philby struggled to control his drinking by downing only two glasses of cognac a night and then handing her the bottle to hide. Your email address will not be published. There, a porter recalled taking their luggage to a waiting car with Salzburg number plates which drove off towards Vienna. Shes a sympathetic character in the novel. So, too, have I seen images of his cold body decorated with medals in an open coffin, armed guards at either side, as the lavish funeral procession made its way through Kuntsevo Cemetery to this very spot. Britain declares that Philby is the Third Man. Eleanor Kearns was born in Seattle in 1914. Online calculator reveals how inflation-busting 14.4% hike will Do not sell or share my personal information. Elliott was born in London, the son of Claude Aurelius Elliott, a don at Cambridge and Headmaster at Eton, where Nicholas was sent after Durnford School, a prep school on the Isle of Purbeck in Dorset.. After leaving Trinity College, Cambridge, Elliott was offered a post in 1938 as Honorary Attache at the Hague by Sir Nevile Bland.His career in secret intelligence came by chance . But so it was. He passed over 900 British documents to the KGB. His ashes were brought back to England, as he had requested, and buried in his parents grave after dark and by torchlight so that the press would not get wind of it. In time, details emerged of their lives after they defected. The basic facts, after all, are well-documented. It was a few years after this, in 1933, that Kim went to Vienna. But Maclean sobered up and went cold turkey in a detoxification clinic. The Philby talent for putting on an act has been inherited by Charlotte, in a sense: she worked in theatre as a child, training with Anna Scher, whose radical Islington theatre group has spotted such talent as Kathy Burke and Phil Daniels. But out of a smaller window, in front of the door, the view of Moscow is interrupted by a throbbing neon Samsung advert. History / World. He had friends, a wife; he indulged himself in a culture he loved the concerts, the ballet, the galleries; he travelled to Cuba, East Berlin, around the Soviet Union, and spent weekends at his beloved dacha. Inside, the atrium leading to the main sorting office and collection point is now dotted with stalls selling electronic goods, pricey mobile-phone accessories and flowers at 3 a stem. Photograph: Daily Mail/Rex Features, MI5missed early chance to expose Soviet agent Kim Philby, files reveal, Charlotte Philby: We visited Kim in Moscow, Love and Deception: Philby in Beirut by James Hanning review the spy who loved, maybe, ASplinter of Ice review Graham Greene and Kim Philby clink glasses, Graham Greenes showdown with Soviet spy Kim Philby: A Splinter of Ice review, KimPhilby: new revelations about spy emerge in secret files, George Blake exemplified the desolation, waste and treachery of the cold war, Moscow names square after British double agent Kim Philby, Athriller of spies and betrayal: by Kim Philbys granddaughter. 1963Disappears in Beirut on 23 January. We got together in our cabin to discuss our plans. Born in India in 1912, Philby became a communist sympathiser after leaving Cambridge and began working as a KGB informer in the mid 1930s in London. Jeremy Hunt is mocked over toe-curling 'inflation explainer' video by ordering How much will YOUR broadband go up in price? Fergie is horrified that [Donald] might have done something wrong at the office and the FO will be very angry when he returns. Charlotte Philby. But he also did it to impress her. . birth date: 1912-01-01. birth place: Ambala. He achieved the deception by employing his occasional stutter, so as to buy himself time to think before telling another bare-faced lie. 1957Aileen Furse, Philbys second wife, dies. And sadness. Bennett concludes: Charlotte Philby thinks her grandfather was more honest, but its a saloon-bar honesty. Macleans outward calm in the face of exile was greatly bolstered by his wifes support. He was able to order new books from Bowes & Bowes bookshop in Cambridge, who checked with MI5 whether they should be supplying him. In the living room, the same furs hang above the sofa, alongside a pair of Afghan guns a gift from the KGB colleague whom I spoke to earlier. A few days after her return to Switzerland, she told her mother she had run into an old friend in the local market and hed invited her and the children to stay with him for the weekend in his villa at the other end of Lake Geneva. Charlotte Philby, daughter of John Philby, H.A.R. The pair got on well in those later years they were very similar in many ways and my father said he never felt any resentment, not even when he unfairly came under fire by virtue of his name. For one thing, like all the men in the Philby family, he was bloody-minded. Your email address will not be published. One of the first tasks he was given was to spy on his own father, which he did, without question digging up very little, because, though the Russians failed to believe it, there was nothing to dig up. Everything has seen better days. Standing on the balcony, you can see the same school playground, where children in heavy ski jackets are involved in a timeless game launching themselves from the top of a flight of concrete stairs to the ground below, cushioned with thick blankets of snow. St John, who had joined the British Foreign Service in 1917, when his only son was five years old, was also a non-conformist. Kims chair, on which no one else, under any circumstances, was ever allowed to sit while he was alive and for many years thereafter, Rufa adds remains just where it was, at the head of a low table. In 1963, having been exposed in Britain as the notorious Third Man in the Cambridge Spy Ring, Kim fled to Moscow, never again to set foot from behind the Iron Curtain. Macleans study resembled that of a Cambridge professor, with copies of Trollope, biographies of Gladstone and airmail editions of The Times. Occasionally, the driver would draw a curtain around the inside of the windows, and attach a flashing blue light to the roof before setting off. He feared that she would dump him because he was just a boring official in the British diplomatic service so to make myself look better and more important, I told her the reason why I led such a life. According to a recent piece in the Daily Telegraph: For years Philby had sabotaged Allied missions behind the Iron Curtain and had calculatedly sent dozens of agents to their deaths. Most famously, he was almost certainly responsible for the tip-off which led to the deaths of the first British-sponsored Albanians who parachuted in to remove Enver Hoxhas Communist regime. Image: Barney Beech, Kim's graveside, at Kuntsovo Cemetry. children: John David Philby Josephine F. Philby Dudley Thomas Philby Miranda Philby Harry George Philby Birth. Exposure showed me along with William Boyds Restless how you can write a novel that is ostensibly a spy story but is really about the people, and the families, at the heart of a great betrayal. And this was the line Melinda presented to MI5 after his defection with fellow mole Guy Burgess: she had been every bit as duped as theyd been. So Philby left his wife and children in England in September 1956, arriving in a country for which he had little natural sympathy. Hardcover. Once hed gone, she rode out the public furore, the door-stepping journalists, the MI5 questioning, the abuse and insinuations, the bullying of her sons at school. Viktor Suvorov . He was tall and fair; she was slight with curly, dark hair. It had been a long time coming. But at the famous Secret Trial in 1952, he convinced his MI5 interrogator Buster Milmo that he was not a Soviet agent. However, Pukhova said the fear that she would leave had helped her husband temper his intake in later years. She is also the granddaughter of Kim Philby, the notorious double-agent known as the third man in the Cambridge spy ring. Prince Albert of Monaco is the first Euro monarch to confirm he and his wife Keep calm and carry on! But that didnt mean the ideal itself was corrupt or not worth pursuing. George Blake, who is still alive, got on well with him than with Philby. By the time she left Russia, Maclean was in his final decline, in and out of hospital with cancer from his lifetime of smoking. Kim sacrificed everything he had: he risked his life and the lives of others, he betrayed his colleagues and duped his family and friends (even spying on his own father at one stage, as will be explained shortly) because he genuinely believed from the point when he joined the movement and set his sights against the seemingly irrepressible rise of Fascism that Communism was a cause worth holding dear above all else. "Kim believed in a just society and devoted his whole life to communism. Offer valid until May 1, 2018. 1933Leaves Cambridge a convinced Communist. That summer, friends thought her distracted. Kim Philby was probably the most successful double spy in history. I think part of the appeal of writing this book was trying to reconcile the ways in which Ive come to understand him: as a grandfather; a father; a friend; a traitor; an idealist. A plaque in his honour was unveiled by the head of the foreign intelligence service at its headquarters in Moscow in December. Then, with no more information to be had, the story of the Macleans went dead. No doubt your grandfather would have disapproved of the sharp contrasts in present-day Russia, he said. In the intervening years, there have been endless attempts to understand how this gregarious, public-school educated English chap and his fellow Cambridge spies Guy Burgess, Donald Maclean, Anthony Blunt and John Cairncross could have been persuaded to betray their country, and dupe their family and their friends. When I happened upon the story of Edith Tudor-Hart, I knew that she was the person I had to write about. He betrayed his country yes, perhaps he did, Greene continues, but who among us has not committed treason to something or someone more important than a country? Required to take new names and identities, Maclean chose to be Mark Petrovich Frazer (after the Cambridge anthropologist Sir James Frazer of Golden Bough fame, a 12-volume study of mythology and religion). She put the two boys into the International School in Geneva and finally explained to them what had happened to their father, reporting to her sister that their worst fear seems to be that I might vanish too. In this article for The Independent Magazine, I returned to Moscow to discover the truth about my grandfather, the infamous Third Man. Those are the facts but there are plenty of question marks too. But whether that came with any sense of self-pity is something else entirely. When Melinda and the children joined him, they moved into a small apartment and the children were put into the local Soviet schools. In 1949 Kim Philby became SIS representative in Washington, as top British Secret Service officer working in liaison with the CIA and FBI. He was my grandfather, and then as I grew older it became apparent that he was someone else, too. 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