On social media, email or the website, our travel tools can help you get around. 14:18, Tue The peak frequency was increased to 36 trains per hour in 2016 after track works were completed to the layout of the points at Walthamstow Central crossover, which transfers northbound trains to the southbound line for their return journey. Almost all of the route, and all the stations, are shared with one or more of the three other sub-surface lines, namely the District, Hammersmith & City and Metropolitan lines. The free trial proved successful and was extended to the end of 2012,[156] whereupon it switched to a service freely available to subscribers to Virgin Media and others, or as a paid-for service. His design was displayed at Southwark Station in collaboration with Art on the Underground to mark the opening weekend of the new Tate Modern gallery situated near the station. [1] Many of the central London underground stations on deep-level tube routes are higher than the running lines to assist deceleration when arriving and acceleration when departing. Round 3: London Underground True or False Questions. [164] The line could be extended further on the Hayes National Rail line in future. The Bakerloo line between Queen . [149] The first 'comb' type escalator was installed in 1924 at Clapham Common. 1940: People asleep on the platform of Holborn underground station during an air raid. [41][42] When the "Bakerloo" was so named in July 1906, The Railway Magazine called it an undignified "gutter title". [129] Since 1999 all new stock has had to comply with accessibility regulations that require such things as access and room for wheelchairs, and the size and location of door controls. [218] Since 2010 a dispute between London Underground and trade unions over holiday pay has resulted in a limited service on Boxing Day.[221]. A control room for the sub-surface network has been built in Hammersmith and an automatic train control (ATC) system is to replace ageing signalling equipment dating from between the mid-1920s and late 1980s, including the signal cabin at Edgware Road, the control room at Earl's Court, and the signalling centre at Baker Street. The system is composed of eleven lines Bakerloo, Central, Circle, District, Hammersmith & City, Jubilee, Metropolitan, Northern, Piccadilly, Victoria, and Waterloo & City serving 272 stations. [11] Despite its name, only 45% of the system is under the ground: much of the network in the outer environs of London is on the surface. Devised in 1933 by Harry Beck, the London Underground map is a 20th-century design classic. The London Borough of Hackney, to the north, has two stations on its border. This list includes all stations on the London Underground and Docklands Light Railway. In the original Tube design, trains passing through close fitting tunnels act as pistons to create air pressure gradients between stations. [134] A 2000 study reported that air quality was seventy-three times worse than at street level, with a passenger inhaling the same mass of particulates during a twenty-minute journey on the Northern line as when smoking a cigarette. Part of the Greater London Authority, the TfL Board is appointed by the Mayor of London, who also sets the structure and level of public transport fares in London. 1. [37][284] The Central London Railway appointed Harry Bell Measures as architect, who designed its pinkish-brown steel-framed buildings with larger entrances. The buildings had metal lettering attached to pale walls. [154] Lift and escalators are abundant with advertising posters which can be used for artistic purposes due to the nature of their layout. [150] After the fatal 1987 King's Cross fire, all wooden escalators were replaced with metal ones and the mechanisms are regularly degreased to lower the potential for fires. There are 20 miles (32km) of cut-and-cover tunnel and 93 miles (150km) of tube tunnel. In early 2014 the Bakerloo, Central, Piccadilly and Waterloo & City line rolling-stock replacement project was renamed New Tube for London (NTfL) and moved from the feasibility stage to the design and specification stage. London Underground services suffered severe disruption on Monday morning due to "power supply problems", Transport for London has said. [255] A Central London Railway route diagram appears on a 1904 postcard and 1905 poster,[256] similar maps appearing in District Railway cars in 1908. [226], Accessibility for people with limited mobility was not considered when most of the system was built, and before 1993 fire regulations prohibited wheelchairs on the Underground. This resulted in the closure of the short section of tunnel between Green Park and Charing Cross stations. [104][105] Sixteen Underground stations are outside London region, eight on the Metropolitan line and eight on the Central line. The replacement of the signalling system and the introduction of Automatic Train Operation and Control is scheduled for 201922. The line is predicted to run a maximum of 27 trains per hour, a 25% increase on the current 21 trains per hour during peak periods. These would be used to increase frequencies and cover the Battersea extension on the Northern line.[183]. [328], Similarly since 1986, Poems on the Underground has commissioned poetry that is displayed in trains. [17][18][19] The schematic Tube map, designed by Harry Beck in 1931, was voted a national design icon in 2006 and now includes other transport systems besides the Underground, such as the Docklands Light Railway, London Overground, Thameslink, the Elizabeth line, and Tramlink. The resulting fire cost the lives of 31 people and injured a further 100. Overall, 75 of the 100 best-performing busy stations in the UK are in the capital, and London Overground is one of the top three most punctual railway lines, rail tracker website On Time Trains found. It has been shown as two separate stations at different times in the past. The line is predicted to run 3036 trains per hour, up to a 50% increase compared to the 2425 train per hour service provided today. Photo Sales. [276] Crossrail will also be identified with a roundel. A notice was published on 28 February 2014 in the Official Journal of the European Union asking for expressions of interest in building the trains. LONDON TUBE MAP. [289] Harry W. Ford was responsible for the design of at least 17 UERL and District Railway stations, including Barons Court and Embankment, and claimed to have first thought of enlarging the U and D in the UNDERGROUND wordmark. [6], The Underground has its origins in the Metropolitan Railway, the world's first underground passenger railway. The 11 new stations were designed to be "Future-proof", with wide passageways, large quantities of escalators and lifts, and emergency exits. [151] The only wooden escalator not to be replaced was at Greenford station, which remained until March 2014 when TfL replaced it with the first incline lift on the UK transport network in October 2015. [300] Stations were built to the latest standards, future proofed for growth, with innovations such as Platform screen doors. [137], In June 2006 a groundwater cooling system was installed at Victoria station. For London Underground passengers, research suggests that transfers are highly costly in terms of walk and wait times. The London Underground presently has 270 stations. [257] In the same year, following a marketing agreement between the operators, a joint central area map that included all the lines was published. Chiltern Railways shares track with the Metropolitan Line between Harrow-on-the-Hill and Amersham. Kings Cross-St Pancras has the most lines, Baker Street has the most platforms, Bank-Monument is the biggest complex. [74] In 1976 the Northern City Line was taken over by British Rail and linked up with the main line railway at Finsbury Park, a transfer that had already been planned prior to the accident. [216][217] The nightly closures are used for maintenance,[216] but some lines stay open on New Year's Eve[218] and run for longer hours during major public events such as the 2012 London Olympics. [244], London Underground is authorised to operate trains by the Office of Rail Regulation. (Photo by Hulton Archive/Getty Images) Call of Duty: Modern Warfare 3 has a single-player level named Mind The Gap where most of the level takes place between the dockyards and Westminster while the player and a team of SAS attempt to take down terrorists attempting to escape using the London Underground via a hijacked train. Access from platform to train at some stations can be assisted using a boarding ramp operated by staff, and a section has been raised on some platforms to reduce the step. Approximately 55 per cent of its routes are . [63] On 3 March 1943, a test of the air-raid warning sirens, together with the firing of a new type of anti-aircraft rocket, resulted in a crush of people attempting to take shelter in Bethnal Green Underground station. [204] The Oyster card must be 'touched in' at the start and end of a journey, otherwise it is regarded as 'incomplete' and the maximum fare is charged. [125] Since the early 1960s all passenger trains have been electric multiple units with sliding doors[126] and a train last ran with a guard in 2000. The Tube handles up to five million passenger journeys a day. Private infrastructure companies (infracos) would upgrade and maintain the railway, and London Underground would run the train service. Other famous London Underground branding includes the roundel and the Johnston typeface, created by Edward Johnston in 1916. The extension was privately funded, with contributions from developments across the Battersea Power Station, Vauxhall and Nine Elms areas. [275] As of 2013[update], forms of the roundel, with differing colours for the ring and bar, are used for other TfL services, such as London Buses, Tramlink, London Overground, London River Services and Docklands Light Railway. By Alastair Lockhart For Mailonline 14:22 17 Jan 2023, updated 14:22 17 Jan 2023. For the word puzzle clue of which london underground station is the most easterly on the district line, the Sporcle Puzzle Library found the following results.Explore more crossword clues and answers by clicking on the results or quizzes. [241] Passengers are entitled to a refund if their journey is delayed by 15minutes or more due to circumstances within the control of TfL,[242] and in 2010, 330,000 passengers out of a potential 11million Tube passengers claimed compensation for delays. The Metropolitan line operates express services, known as "fast" or "semi-fast", which do not stop at certain stations, thus decreasing total travelling time and increasing capacity. London Tube Lines Bakerloo Line The Bakerloo Line runs from Harrow & Wealdstone in north west London to Elephant & Castle south of the River Thames and is colour-coded brown on tube maps. 1 Piccadilly line - 71km. In some cases, such as Aldwych and Ongar, the buildings remain and are used for other purposes. [69] In the early 1960s, the Metropolitan line was electrified as far as Amersham, British Railways providing services for the former Metropolitan line stations between Amersham and Aylesbury. metro systems. Westminster Picture: Alamy Admit it: every time you change at Westminster from the Circle line to the Jubilee. Updated: August 2022. 191 trains have been introduced: 58 for the Metropolitan line and 133 for the Circle, District and Hammersmith & City lines. [13] The Travelcard ticket was introduced in 1983 and Oyster card, a contactless ticketing system, in 2003. These London Underground quiz questions and answers are designed to test your knowledge on all aspects of one of the world's most extensive (and most expensive!) Harlesden . [323] Today, commissions range from the pocket tube map cover, to temporary art pieces, to large scale permanent installations in stations. How many stops are there on the Victoria line? London tram workers in 1930. [110], The average speed on the Underground is 20.5mph (33.0km/h). [258][259] A new map was published in 1921 without any background details, but the central area was squashed, requiring smaller letters and arrows. [64], On 1 January 1948, under the provisions of the Transport Act 1947, the London Passenger Transport Board was nationalised and renamed the London Transport Executive, becoming a subsidiary transport organisation of the British Transport Commission, which was formed on the same day. Originally a joint Great Western and Metropolitan railways service, the line first appeared separately on the tube map in 1990. In recent years, the stations of the 1990s Jubilee Line Extension were designed in a high-tech style by architects such as Norman Foster and Michael Hopkins. wo men have been stabbed in broad daylight close to a north-west London Tube station. [83], In 2000, Transport for London (TfL) was created as an integrated body responsible for London's transport system. Search for Tube station or line (e.g. [194] The tube map came second in a BBC and London Transport Museum poll asking for a favourite UK design icon of the 20th century[265] and the underground's 150th anniversary was celebrated by a Google Doodle on the search engine. 270 stations Since then the Underground network, affectionately nicknamed the Tube by generations of Londoners, has grown to 270 stations and 11 lines stretching deep into the Capital's suburbs, and beyond. [78] One person operation had been planned in 1968, but conflict with the trade unions delayed introduction until the 1980s. [191] Siemens Mobility's Inspiro design was selected in June 2018 in a 1.5billion contract. [9], The system's first tunnels were built just below the ground, using the cut-and-cover method; later, smaller, roughly circular tunnelswhich gave rise to its nickname, the Tubewere dug through at a deeper level. London Underground also plans to add up to an additional 18 trains to the current fleet of 63 trains of 1996 stock. A route from Elephant & Castle to Lewisham via the Old Kent Road and New Cross Gate was chosen by Transport for London in 2019. The line and the stations were transferred to the London Overground network in 2010. The line opened in 196871 with the trains being driven automatically and magnetically encoded tickets collected by automatic gates gave access to the platforms. The London Underground uses a system of nine concentric zones for the calculation of fares between stations. [28] Both railways expanded, the District building five branches to the west reaching Ealing, Hounslow,[29] Uxbridge,[30] Richmond and Wimbledon[29] and the Metropolitan eventually extended as far as Verney Junction in Buckinghamshire, more than 50 miles (80km) from Baker Street and the centre of London. [239] Capacity increases have been overtaken by increased demand, and peak overcrowding has increased by 16 percent since 200405. Although the Circle and Hammersmith & City lines station at Paddington is on the other side of the main line station to the Bakerloo, Circle and District lines station, it is shown as a single station on the current Tube map, but still counted as 2 in the official station count. [100] The railway opened as the Elizabeth line in May 2022. The line will be the first to be upgraded as part of the New Tube for London Project, as passenger numbers have increased over recent years and are expected to increase further. [331] The Underground has also featured in music such as The Jam's "Down in the Tube Station at Midnight" and in literature such as the graphic novel V for Vendetta. [48] After the war, government-backed financial guarantees were used to expand the network and the tunnels of the City and South London and Hampstead railways were linked at Euston and Kennington;[49] the combined service was not named the Northern line until later. In 1999, Carlton Television premiered a regional game show (Greater London area only) also called Mind the Gap. All underground trains are required to comply with The Rail Vehicle Accessibility (Non Interoperable Rail System) Regulations 2010 (RVAR 2010) by 2020.[130]. [268], While the first use of a roundel in a London transport context was the trademark of the London General Omnibus Company registered in 1905, it was first used on the Underground in 1908 when the UERL placed a solid red circle behind station nameboards on platforms to highlight the name. [198] Single and return tickets are available in either format, but Travelcards (season tickets) for longer than a day are available only on Oyster cards. The Underground uses several railways and alignments that were built by main-line railway companies. [70] In 1962, the British Transport Commission was abolished, and the London Transport Executive was renamed the London Transport Board, reporting directly to the Minister of Transport. The Underground Electric Railways Company of London (UERL) was established in 1902 to fund the electrification of the District Railway and to complete and operate three tube lines, the Baker Street and Waterloo Railway, the Charing Cross, Euston and Hampstead Railway and the Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway, which opened in 1906-07. The Overground never runs underground. Reveal Map: World Capitals II. Stations. [36], While steam locomotives were in use on the Underground there were contrasting health reports. [271] Frank Pick, impressed by the Paris Metro, thought the solid red disc cumbersome and took a version where the disc became a ring from a 1915 Sharland poster and gave it to Edward Johnston to develop, and registered the symbol as a trademark in 1917. [231][232], As of January2022[update], there are 90 stations with step-free access from platform to train,[154][233][234] and there are plans to provide step-free access at another 11 stations by 2024. Chalk Farm Station is the closest to Primrose Hill. [50] The Metropolitan promoted housing estates near the railway with the "Metro-land" brand and nine housing estates were built near stations on the line. [171], The signalling system on the Victoria line has been replaced to increase capacity on the line by around 25%; the line now runs up to 36 trains per hour compared to 2728 previously. [307] The Met changed to a serif letterform for its signs in the 1920s, used on the stations rebuilt by Clark. [299] The project was critically acclaimed, with the Royal Fine Arts Commission describing the project as "an example of patronage at its best and most enlightened", and two stations shortlisted for the Stirling Prize. It has 50 stations, counting all branches, and is the busiest of all lines, with 294 million passenger journeys recorded in 2016/17. Most of the system is north of the River Thames, with six of the 32 London boroughs in the south of the city not served by the Underground. For the album by Herbie Mann, see. It's useful and clearly indicates the general directions taken by the trains (north, south, east or westbound), with all interchanges clearly shown. Over 28 stations will have lifts installed over the next 10 years, bringing the total of step-free stations to over 100. How many Tube line stations are there? [34] These two ran electric trains in circular tunnels having diameters between 11feet 8inches (3.56m) and 12feet 2.5inches (3.72m),[35] whereas the Great Northern and City Railway, which opened in 1904, was built to take main line trains from Finsbury Park to a Moorgate terminus in the City and had 16-foot (4.9m) diameter tunnels. [55] In the same year that the London Passenger Transport Board was formed, Harry Beck's diagrammatic tube map first appeared. 4. London tram workers queue up for their pay at the tram subway in Kingsway, High Holborn on April 7 1930. [209], A concessionary fare scheme is operated by London Councils for residents who are disabled or meet certain age criteria. [199][200][201], TfL introduced the Oyster card in 2003; this is a pre-payment smartcard with an embedded contactless RFID chip. Age criteria Underground and Docklands Light railway system of Nine concentric zones for the calculation of fares between.. 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